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Association of XRCC1 Gene Polymorphism with an Increased Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in the Peshawar Population

Rashid Saeed Abdo Hassen1,2, Wahby Mohammed Babaresh3, Irshad Ur Rehman1

  • 1Center of Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan.

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention : APJCP
|June 21, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Genetic variations in the XRCC1 gene are linked to an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in individuals with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. This finding highlights the role of genetic factors in HCC development.

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Hepatology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
  • Genetic susceptibility plays a role in HCC development, but specific gene variations require further investigation.
  • The XRCC1 gene is involved in DNA repair and may influence cancer risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between XRCC1 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and HCC risk.
  • To evaluate the role of XRCC1 variations in individuals with chronic HCV infection in Peshawar.
  • To determine if specific XRCC1 genotypes are linked to increased HCC incidence or tumor characteristics.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 90 participants: 30 HCC patients (HCV-positive), 30 HCV-related cirrhosis patients, and 30 healthy controls.
  • Genotyping of the XRCC1 gene polymorphism (rs25487) using Amplification Refractory Mutation System-Polymerase Chain Reaction (ARMS-PCR).
  • Collection of detailed clinical and laboratory data, including tumor characteristics.

Main Results:

  • HCC patients exhibited a significantly higher frequency of XRCC1 (AA and GA) genotypes and the A allele compared to cirrhotic and healthy controls.
  • Individuals with XRCC1 (AA and GA) genotypes showed increased tumor foci and larger tumor sizes.
  • Multivariate analysis indicated that the XRCC1 rs25487 polymorphism is an independent risk factor for HCC in chronic HCV patients, with a 2.66-fold increased likelihood.

Conclusions:

  • XRCC1 gene polymorphism is associated with an elevated risk of developing HCC in individuals with chronic HCV infection.
  • Genetic factors, specifically XRCC1 variations, are important in assessing HCC risk in this population.
  • Further research into genetic predispositions can aid in personalized HCC risk assessment and management.
Abstract

Keywords:
ARMS-PCRHCVHepatocellular carcinomaSNPXRCC1

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