Evaluation of Implant Survival in Xenograft-Grafted Sites

Patients with a history of periodontitis often require bone augmentation prior to implant placement; however, the mid-term outcomes of implants in augmented sites are not well documented. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the mid-term survival and peri-implant health of implants placed in xenograft-augmented sites in patients with a history of periodontitis. Records of 34 patients (mean age: 65.3 ± 12 years; 64.7% Stage III, 29.4% Stage IV periodontitis) treated at the University of Strasbourg between 2015 and 2023 were analyzed, including 62 implants placed in xenograft-augmented sites. The mean follow-up was 5.74 ± 2.3 years. No implant failures occurred, yielding a 100% survival rate. The mean probing depth was 2.98 mm, and bleeding on probing averaged 25.5%. Marginal bone loss averaged 0.86 mm (distal) and 0.87 mm (mesial), corresponding to an annual bone loss of 0.18 mm; the most frequent bone loss pattern was vertical (71%). No peri-implantitis was observed; 54.8% of implants presented peri-implant mucositis, and 45.2% were classified as healthy. Within the limitations of this study, implants placed in xenograft-augmented sites in periodontally compromised patients demonstrated excellent mid-term survival and peri-implant tissue stability.