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Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
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Published on: June 16, 2014

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History and Evolution of Hypertension Goals in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

Blaise W Abramovitz1, Alavi Hossain2, Rushelle Byfield3

  • 1Division of Renal-Electrolyte, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

Cardiology Clinics
|June 29, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Optimal blood pressure targets for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are debated. This review examines evidence shifts from kidney to cardiovascular benefits, guiding individualized treatment goals for CKD patients.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cardiology
  • Clinical Trials

Background:

  • Blood pressure management in chronic kidney disease (CKD) is complex.
  • Optimal targets remain debated, influencing patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evolution of evidence for blood pressure targets in CKD.
  • To analyze shifts from kidney-specific to cardiovascular benefits.
  • To provide a perspective on individualized blood pressure goals.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of landmark trials.
  • Analysis of historical and current guideline recommendations.
  • Examination of controversies in intensive blood pressure control.

Main Results:

  • Evidence has shifted focus towards cardiovascular benefits.
  • Controversies exist regarding intensive blood pressure control.
  • Challenges remain in applying data to diverse CKD populations.

Conclusions:

  • Individualized blood pressure goals are crucial for CKD patients.
  • Further research may be needed for underrepresented populations.

Keywords:
Antihypertensive medicationBlood pressureCardiovascular riskChronic kidney diseaseHypertension

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