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Infrared thermography based seepage and erosion detection in earthen dams using laboratory scale models
Vaishnavi Bherde1, Umashankar Balunaini2, B V N P Kambhammettu1
1Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, 502284, India.
Scientific Reports
|July 2, 2025
Summary
Early detection of seepage in earthen dams is vital for safety. Infrared thermography effectively identifies seepage and erosion by analyzing temperature variations, offering a non-invasive monitoring solution.
Area of Science:
- Geotechnical Engineering
- Remote Sensing
- Civil Engineering
Background:
- Dam safety relies on early and precise detection of seepage.
- Dam failures can lead to catastrophic consequences.
- Non-invasive monitoring techniques are essential for dam integrity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the efficacy of infrared thermography for detecting seepage in earthen dams.
- To analyze temperature variations as indicators of seepage and erosion.
- To determine optimal conditions for infrared thermography application.
Main Methods:
- Laboratory-scale earthen dam model with soil and grass surfaces.
- Infrared thermography for non-contact temperature measurement.
- Comparison with installed thermal sensors and varying erosion depths.
Main Results:
- Temperature anomalies at seepage locations (lower or higher than surroundings, time-dependent).
- Optimal camera viewing angles (45°-55°) identified for specific embankment geometry.
- Significant temperature gradients correlated with surface erosion depths.
Conclusions:
- Infrared thermography is a viable tool for detecting seepage in earthen dams.
- Temperature patterns provide reliable indicators for seepage and erosion.
- The study supports wider adoption of infrared thermography for dam safety monitoring.
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