Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens01:29

Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens

931
The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
931
Introduction to Innate and Adaptive Immunity01:21

Introduction to Innate and Adaptive Immunity

5.3K
The human immune system is a complex defense mechanism that protects the body from harmful pathogens and foreign substances. It comprises two crucial components: innate and adaptive immunity.
Innate immunity is the body's natural, nonspecific defense system that acts quickly to protect against pathogens. It incorporates physical barriers like skin and mucous membranes and cellular elements such as phagocytes and natural killer cells. This part of our immune system provides an immediate,...
5.3K
What is the Immune System?01:38

What is the Immune System?

116.8K
Overview
116.8K
Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

73.5K
Overview
73.5K
Cells of the Innate Immune Response01:28

Cells of the Innate Immune Response

3.6K
The innate immune response is an immediate and non-specific response against pathogens, acting swiftly to prevent the spread of infections. The primary cells involved in this response are phagocytes and natural killer (NK) cells.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes police the peripheral tissues by removing cellular debris and responding to the invasion of foreign substances or pathogens. Many phagocytes attack and remove microorganisms even before lymphocytes detect them. The human body has two general...
3.6K
Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens01:31

Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens

1.5K
The human immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to defend the body against bacterial infections. It consists of various immune cells, each playing a specific role in the defense mechanism.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...
1.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Modulation of the immunogenic landscape in colorectal cancer by mitochondrial methylation-controlled J protein.

Molecular biomedicine·2026
Same author

Editorial: Innovative insights into pattern recognition and signaling in innate immunity.

Frontiers in immunology·2026
Same author

Editorial: Metabolism and tumor microenvironment nexus in neuro-oncology.

Frontiers in immunology·2026
Same author

Editorial: Innate and adaptive immunity in normal and adverse pregnancy.

Frontiers in immunology·2026
Same author

Molecular detection and phylogenetic characterization of pathogenic and endosymbiont microorganisms in Hyalomma ticks collected from livestock.

Parasites & vectors·2026
Same author

Expression of Properdin, the positive regulator of the Complement Alternative Pathway, at the fetal-maternal interface in Preeclampsia.

Frontiers in immunology·2026
Same journal

Mammalian Respiratory Chain Complex Assemblies and Their Links to Mitochondria Stress-Induced Human Diseases.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology·2026
Same journal

Enzyme Assemblies in Nucleotide Metabolism: Structure, Regulation, and Disease Implications.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology·2026
Same journal

The Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex: A 90-Year-Old Enigma Shaping the Future of Structural Enzymology.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology·2026
Same journal

Regulation of the Anti-termination RNA Transcription Complex by Lon-Mediated Lambda N Degradation.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology·2026
Same journal

PCNA Macromolecular Complexes: PCNA Serves as a Molecular Hub Regulating Multiple Cellular Processes Inside and Outside of the Nucleus.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology·2026
Same journal

Dynamic Assemblies in Genome Maintenance.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 16, 2025

Dissecting Innate Immune Signaling in Viral Evasion of Cytokine Production
08:32

Dissecting Innate Immune Signaling in Viral Evasion of Cytokine Production

Published on: March 2, 2014

10.6K

Innate Immune Response to Viral Infection.

Nazar Beirag1, Praveen M Varghese2, Uday Kishore3,4

  • 1Department of Clinical Microbiology, Umea University, Umea, Sweden.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|July 7, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The innate immune system rapidly detects viral infections using pattern recognition receptors. This triggers responses involving interferons and immune cells to control viruses and prevent spread.

More Related Videos

Contact-Free Co-Culture Model for the Study of Innate Immune Cell Activation During Respiratory Virus Infection
07:36

Contact-Free Co-Culture Model for the Study of Innate Immune Cell Activation During Respiratory Virus Infection

Published on: February 28, 2021

3.0K
An In vitro Model to Study Immune Responses of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells to Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection
09:01

An In vitro Model to Study Immune Responses of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells to Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection

Published on: December 10, 2013

8.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 16, 2025

Dissecting Innate Immune Signaling in Viral Evasion of Cytokine Production
08:32

Dissecting Innate Immune Signaling in Viral Evasion of Cytokine Production

Published on: March 2, 2014

10.6K
Contact-Free Co-Culture Model for the Study of Innate Immune Cell Activation During Respiratory Virus Infection
07:36

Contact-Free Co-Culture Model for the Study of Innate Immune Cell Activation During Respiratory Virus Infection

Published on: February 28, 2021

3.0K
An In vitro Model to Study Immune Responses of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells to Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection
09:01

An In vitro Model to Study Immune Responses of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells to Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection

Published on: December 10, 2013

8.0K

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • The innate immune system is the first line of defense against viral pathogens.
  • It rapidly identifies and responds to viral components throughout the replication cycle.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the mechanisms of innate immune recognition of viruses.
  • To detail the signaling pathways and cellular responses triggered by viral detection.
  • To examine the role of innate immunity in controlling viral infections and its transition to adaptive immunity.

Main Methods:

  • Review of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) like Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs).
  • Analysis of downstream signaling cascades leading to cytokine and interferon production.
  • Examination of the roles of interferons (IFN-α, IFN-β), cytokines, chemokines, and immune cells (macrophages, dendritic cells, NK cells).

Main Results:

  • PRRs identify viral structures (nucleic acids, capsid proteins), initiating immune signaling.
  • Activation leads to the release of type I interferons and other mediators, inhibiting viral replication.
  • Recruitment of innate immune cells enhances viral clearance and elimination of infected cells.

Conclusions:

  • The innate immune system plays a critical role in the early control of viral infections.
  • Interferons and immune cell recruitment are key components of the antiviral response.
  • Understanding these interactions is crucial for developing antiviral strategies and managing viral diseases.