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Reproductive Education and Sexual Abuse Among Individuals With Spina Bifida: A Mixed Methods Study
Betsy Hopson1, Molly Richardson2, Caroline Caudill3
1Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.
Summary
Young adults with spina bifida (SB) are sexually active but face significant sexual and reproductive health (SRH) knowledge gaps and barriers to care. Addressing these issues is crucial for preventing abuse and improving health outcomes in this population.
Area of Science:
- Reproductive Health
- Disability Studies
- Public Health
Background:
- Young adults with spina bifida (SB) often have unique challenges related to sexual and reproductive health (SRH).
- Understanding their SRH knowledge, practices, and barriers to care is essential for targeted interventions.
- Previous research has not fully explored the nuances of SRH literacy and experiences within this specific population.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate sexual and reproductive health (SRH) knowledge and practices among young adults with spina bifida (SB).
- To identify gaps in SRH literacy and barriers to accessing SRH care for individuals with SB.
- To inform the development of effective educational programs and clinical guidelines for this population.
Main Methods:
- A sequential explanatory mixed methods study was conducted.
- Eighty young adults with SB completed a disability-specific survey assessing SRH knowledge, practices, and barriers.
- Four participants from the survey sample engaged in follow-up in-depth qualitative interviews to explore themes further.
Main Results:
- A significant portion of sexually active young adults with SB reported gaps in SRH knowledge, with 44% of women unsure about pregnancy possibility.
- Sexual abuse or coercion was reported by 25% of women and 10% of men.
- Key barriers included concerns about disclosing SB, misconceptions about independence, and family protectiveness, while online dating and open-minded partners were facilitators.
Conclusions:
- Young adults with SB face substantial SRH knowledge deficits and barriers, increasing risks for sexual abuse and adverse reproductive health outcomes.
- Assessing sexual health literacy and implementing abuse screening are critical for improving SRH outcomes in this vulnerable group.
- Tailored SRH education and accessible care are necessary to empower individuals with SB to make informed health decisions.
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