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Composite Metal Oxide Nanopowder-Based Fiber-Optic Fabry-Perot Interferometer for Protein Biomarker Detection.

Ulpan Balgimbayeva1, Zhanar Kalkozova2, Kuanysh Seitkamal3

  • 1School of Materials Science and Green Technology, Kazakh-British Technical University, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan.

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Summary

We developed a novel semi-distributed interferometer (SDI) biosensor using metal oxide nanopowders for highly sensitive kidney disease biomarker detection. This cost-effective sensor achieves attomolar detection levels, enabling early disease diagnosis.

Keywords:
Fabry–Perot interferometrybiomarker detectionnanopowderoptical fiber biosensorssingle-mode fibers

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Optical Sensing

Background:

  • Early kidney disease diagnosis relies on sensitive biomarker detection.
  • Existing biosensors face challenges in sensitivity, reproducibility, and cost-effectiveness.
  • Optical fiber interferometry offers a promising platform for biosensing applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel semi-distributed interferometer (SDI) biosensor for detecting kidney disease biomarkers.
  • To enhance sensor performance through a Zn, Cu, and Co metal oxide nanopowder coating.
  • To achieve high sensitivity, specificity, and reproducibility for early disease diagnosis.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a simple optical fiber-based semi-distributed interferometer (SDI).
  • Coating the sensor probe with a Zn, Cu, and Co metal oxide nanopowder.
  • Immobilization of monoclonal antibodies for specific biomarker capture.
  • Characterization of sensor performance, including sensitivity, limit of detection, and specificity.

Main Results:

  • The biosensor demonstrated attomolar detection levels, with a theoretical limit of detection at 126 fM.
  • Achieved a maximum sensitivity of 190 dB/RIU with improved stability and reduced dispersion.
  • Exhibited excellent specificity and reproducibility, maintaining detection accuracy at approximately 10^-4 RIU.
  • Showcased a linear correlation (R^2 = 0.96) across a wide concentration range (1 aM to 100 nM).

Conclusions:

  • The developed SDI biosensor offers a reliable and highly sensitive platform for biomarker detection.
  • The combination of nanopowder coating and SDI technology enhances measurement reproducibility and sensitivity.
  • This cost-effective and reproducible sensor system holds significant potential for early kidney disease diagnosis and monitoring.