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Functionalization Techniques Empowering Optical Fiber Biosensors in Label-Free Cancer Biomarker Detection.

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This review explores surface modification techniques for optical fiber biosensors to detect cancer biomarkers. Optimizing these surfaces is key for sensitive, label-free cancer diagnostics.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Nanotechnology
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Optical fibers offer unique advantages for biomedical sensing, including flexibility and remote detection capabilities.
  • Label-free optical fiber biosensors show promise for early cancer diagnostics, enabling real-time detection at low concentrations.
  • Biosensor performance is critically dependent on surface modification strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of surface functionalization methods for optical fiber biosensors used in cancer biomarker detection.
  • To consolidate diverse surface modification approaches into a single resource for researchers.
  • To discuss the integration of computational methods and machine learning in biosensor development.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on surface modification techniques for optical fiber biosensors.
  • Categorization of methods including silanization, self-assembled monolayers, polymer coatings, and nanomaterials (0D, 1D, 2D).
  • Exploration of computational and machine learning applications in optimizing biosensor surfaces.

Main Results:

  • Detailed presentation of various surface functionalization strategies tailored for cancer biomarker detection.
  • Discussion of the impact of different surface modifications on biosensor performance.
  • Identification of emerging trends, including the role of nanomaterials and AI.

Conclusions:

  • Surface modification is crucial for advancing optical fiber biosensors for cancer diagnostics.
  • This review offers valuable insights into current methods and future directions.
  • Further research is needed to address technical challenges and optimize sensor design.