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Vortex to Rotons Transition in Dipolar Bose-Einstein Condensates.

Alberto Villois1,2,3, Miguel Onorato3,4, Davide Proment1,2,5

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This summary is machine-generated.

Dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates (dBECs) exhibit unique solitary waves. These waves transition into roton excitations, validating Feynman

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics
  • Condensed matter physics

Background:

  • Dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates (dBECs) display rich physics, including supersolidity and rotonlike excitations.
  • Understanding localized excitations in dBECs is crucial for exploring quantum phenomena.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate axis-symmetric solitary waves in 2D dBECs.
  • To investigate the behavior of these solitary waves near Landau's critical speed, particularly in the presence of a roton minimum.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical analysis of solitary waves in quasi-two-dimensional dBECs.
  • Investigation of excitation spectra and critical speed phenomena.

Main Results:

  • Existence of axis-symmetric solitary waves in 2D dBECs, transitioning from vortex dipoles to density depletions.
  • Solitary waves propagating along the polarization direction with a roton minimum transform into roton excitations, not phonons.

Conclusions:

  • The roton minimum fundamentally alters solitary wave dynamics near critical speeds in 2D dBECs.
  • Feynman's hypothesis on roton creation as fading vortex excitations is validated in 2D dBECs.