Patient-Specific Implants in Maxillo-Facial Reconstruction: Current Practices and Way Forward-An Overview of...

Area of Science:

• Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
• Biomedical Engineering
• Medical Technology

Background:

• Maxillofacial reconstruction is shifting towards digital workflows.
• Three Dimensional (3D) technology and patient-specific implants (PSIs) are key innovations.
• This systematic review provides an evidence-based overview of these advancements.

Purpose of the Study:

• To comprehensively review current practices in maxillofacial reconstruction using 3D technology and PSIs.
• To identify future perspectives in this field.
• To offer healthcare professionals an evidence-based resource.

Main Methods:

• A systematic literature search was conducted up to September 30, 2023.
• Databases searched included PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane.
• Systematic reviews focusing on 3D technology in maxillofacial reconstruction were included and assessed for quality.

Main Results:

• Fourteen systematic reviews met the inclusion criteria from 327 initial results.
• Reconstruction of orbital, nasal, maxillary, mandibular, and temporomandibular joint defects were commonly addressed.
• A lack of high-quality randomized or cohort studies and registered protocols was noted.

Conclusions:

• The literature supports 3D technology and PSIs in maxillofacial reconstruction, but evidence quality is moderate to poor.
• Heterogeneity limits meta-analysis; ethical considerations for PSIs are crucial.
• Advanced technologies improve outcomes but require significant training and validation.