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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 12, 2025

Author Spotlight: Engineering Molecular Tools for Disease Detection and Imaging
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High-Selectivity Nonenzymatic Creatinine Sensor Using Electrografted Ionic Liquid and Nafion for Reliable Clinical

Shih-Hao Lin1, Jing-Chun Wang1, Zong-Hong Lin2

  • 1Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan.

ACS Sensors
|August 5, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study presents a novel nonenzymatic creatinine sensor using copper(II) oxide and a specialized ionic liquid. The sensor offers enhanced selectivity and stability for accurate kidney function monitoring in point-of-care tests.

Keywords:
CuONPsNafioncreatinineelectrograftingstyrenyl-triphenylphosphonium-based ionic liquid

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Accurate creatinine detection is crucial for kidney function monitoring and diagnosing renal impairments.
  • Nonenzymatic catalysts offer improved sensitivity but often lack selectivity, limiting practical applications.
  • Existing methods face challenges with interference and stability in real-world samples.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel nonenzymatic creatinine sensor with enhanced selectivity and stability.
  • To utilize copper(II) oxide catalyst with styrenyl-triphenylphosphonium-based ionic liquid (STPP-IL) and Nafion for improved performance.
  • To validate the sensor's capability for selective creatinine quantification in biological samples.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a modified electrode using electrografting for uniform STPP-IL coverage.
  • Characterization of the electrode surface using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS).
  • Electrochemical detection of creatinine within a specific concentration range in the presence of interferents.

Main Results:

  • The modified sensor exhibited a wide detection range (1.5–800 μM) with high sensitivity and low standard error.
  • Selective quantification of creatinine in artificial and natural human sweat was achieved, demonstrating minimal interference.
  • The sensor maintained over 90% of its initial response after 40 days of storage and showed high reproducibility (1.3% relative error).

Conclusions:

  • The developed nonenzymatic creatinine sensor demonstrates superior selectivity, stability, and reproducibility.
  • The sensor shows significant potential for reliable creatinine detection in point-of-care diagnostic applications.
  • This advancement offers a promising alternative for noninvasive kidney function monitoring.