Excited-State Magnetic Properties of Carbon-like Ca^{14+}

Area of Science:

• Atomic Physics
• Quantum Optics
• High-Precision Measurements

Background:

• Highly charged ions (HCIs) are crucial for advancing optical clock technology.
• Understanding their magnetic properties is key to improving clock stability and accuracy.

Purpose of the Study:

• To precisely measure the g-factor of the ^{3}P_{1} state in Ca^{14+} ion.
• To determine the second-order Zeeman coefficient (C2) for the ^{3}P_{0}-^{3}P_{1} clock transition.
• To validate theoretical models for HCIs in high-precision spectroscopy.

Main Methods:

• Utilized a linear Paul trap for co-trapping Ca^{14+} and Be^{+} ions.
• Determined magnetic field strength via Zeeman splitting in Be^{+} ions.
• Measured g-factor and C2 using atomic spectroscopy techniques.

Main Results:

• Measured the g-factor of Ca^{14+} ^{3}P_{1} state as g=1.499032(6) with 4×10^{-6} relative uncertainty.
• Determined the second-order Zeeman coefficient C2 = 0.39±0.04 Hz mT^{-2} for the ^{3}P_{0}-^{3}P_{1} transition.
• Achieved the lowest reported C2 for any atomic transition, confirming low sensitivity of HCIs to higher-order Zeeman effects.

Conclusions:

• Highly charged ions like Ca^{14+} are excellent candidates for next-generation optical clocks.
• Experimental results align with advanced theoretical calculations, including Breit, negative energy states, and QED effects.
• This work advances the understanding of magnetic properties in HCIs for precision measurements.