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Related Concept Videos

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia01:16

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia

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Intravenous regional anesthesia or the Bier block technique is used to anesthetize a specific limb or extremity. It uses exsanguinated or blood-drained vessels to transport local anesthetics or LAs to the peripheral nerve trunks. Lidocaine without vasoconstrictors like epinephrine is most commonly used for this technique. Other drugs used are prilocaine, ropivacaine, and chloroprocaine. Bupivacaine is not recommended for this technique due to its high cardiac toxicity.
One of the advantages of...
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Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Surface, Infiltration, and Conduction Block Anesthesia01:30

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Depending on the target organ, local anesthetics (LAs) can be administered via various routes. In surface anesthesia, LAs are applied directly to the surface of the skin or mucous membranes. It is widely used for topical skin numbing before venipuncture or minor surgical procedures. Commonly used surface local anesthetics are lidocaine or benzocaine sprays or creams. Surface anesthesia occurs within 5 minutes and lasts for about 60 minutes. One of the main disadvantages of topical anesthesia is...
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Updated: Sep 11, 2025

Traumatic Peripheral Nerve Injury in Mice
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Integrating Peripheral Nerve Blocks in Multiple Trauma Care: Current Evidence and Clinical Challenges.

Liliana Mirea1,2, Ana-Maria Dumitriu2, Cristian Cobilinschi1,2

  • 1Faculty of Medicine, "Carol-Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|August 14, 2025
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Summary

Peripheral nerve blocks (PNBs) offer effective pain management for multiple trauma patients, reducing opioid use and improving mobility. Despite challenges like masking compartment syndrome, PNBs are key to modern trauma analgesia.

Keywords:
compartment syndromeenhanced recoverymultimodal analgesiaopioid-sparing strategiespain managementperipheral nerve blocks (PNBs)polytrauma

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Area of Science:

  • Trauma Care
  • Pain Management
  • Regional Anesthesia

Background:

  • Managing pain in polytrauma patients is complex due to instability and competing priorities.
  • Peripheral nerve blocks (PNBs) are gaining recognition for their role in optimizing pain control in trauma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current evidence on PNBs in polytrauma.
  • To assess analgesic efficacy, integration into multimodal protocols, and impact on functional outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Narrative review of existing literature on PNBs in polytrauma patients.
  • Analysis of studies focusing on analgesic efficacy, safety, and functional outcomes.

Main Results:

  • PNBs reduce systemic opioid requirements and support early mobilization.
  • Concerns include masking compartment syndrome, nerve injury, and local anesthetic systemic toxicity (LAST).
  • Emerging trends include ultrasound guidance, continuous catheters, and fascial plane blocks.

Conclusions:

  • PNBs are valuable in polytrauma but require careful implementation.
  • Standardized protocols, training, and further research on long-term outcomes are essential.
  • PNBs show potential to become a cornerstone of trauma analgesia.