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Automatic activation of the shared-digit network in the solution of complex multiplication problems
Smadar Sapir-Yogev1, Sarit Ashkenazi2
1The Seymour Fox School of Education, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91905, Jerusalem, Israel. yogev976@bezeqint.net.
Memory & Cognition
|August 15, 2025
Summary
The shared-digit network (SDN) automatically activates during complex multiplication. Smaller shared-digit networks improve calculation speed and accuracy, suggesting automatic cognitive processes in mathematics.
Area of Science:
- Cognitive Psychology
- Neuroscience of Mathematics
- Mathematical Cognition
Background:
- Previous research indicates automatic activation of single-digit multiplication networks.
- The shared-digit network (SDN) links multiplication problems with shared numerical digits.
- Automatic activation occurs even during unrelated tasks.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate if the shared-digit network (SDN) is automatically activated by complex multiplication problems.
- To determine if complex multiplication problems activate related single-digit problems sharing digits.
- To examine the influence of SDN size on complex multiplication performance.
Main Methods:
- Participants solved complex multiplication problems (solutions < 100).
- Experiments manipulated SDN size and carryover status, matched for problem size.
- Participants self-reported problem-solving strategies.
Main Results:
- Shared-digit network (SDN) size significantly predicted speed and accuracy in solving complex multiplication problems.
- Complex problems with smaller SDNs were solved faster than those with larger SDNs, irrespective of strategy or carryover.
- Retrieval strategy was more frequent for problems with smaller SDNs.
Conclusions:
- Shared-digit network (SDN) size is a key determinant of performance in complex multiplication.
- The SDN is automatically activated during complex multiplication, even when the task is irrelevant.
- Findings support the automatic nature of mathematical knowledge retrieval and processing.
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