Tailored Crystallization and Defect Control via Acetamide Derivatives for Efficient Tin Perovskite Solar Cells

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Renewable Energy

Background:

• Tin perovskite solar cells (PSCs) offer a less toxic alternative to lead-based cells.
• Their performance is limited by poor film quality and high defect density.

Purpose of the Study:

• To enhance tin perovskite film quality and photovoltaic performance.
• To investigate the role of acetamide derivatives in improving tin PSCs.

Main Methods:

• Utilized theoretical calculations and experimental validation.
• Introduced 2-cyanoacetamide (2CA) and 2-amino-2-cyanoacetamide (2A2CA) as additives.
• Analyzed film morphology, crystal structure, and defect density.

Main Results:

• 2A2CA demonstrated superior interaction with Sn2+ cations due to its larger dipole moment.
• 2A2CA increased tin vacancy formation energy, improving film quality.
• Modified tin PSCs achieved 14.98% efficiency and maintained 90% performance over 2200 hours.

Conclusions:

• 2A2CA effectively enhances tin perovskite film quality and device performance.
• This additive offers a promising strategy for stable and efficient lead-free PSCs.