Guided Bone Regeneration Membrane Materials Loaded with Chimeric Nanovesicles Promote Early Bone Defect Regeneration

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Regenerative Medicine
• Tissue Engineering

Background:

• Early bone defect regeneration is hindered by poor mineralization and collagen formation, compromising mechanical stability.
• Conventional guided bone regeneration (GBR) membranes lack dynamic immune regulation, leading to delayed bone ossification.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop an advanced GBR membrane for enhanced bone defect regeneration.
• To investigate the efficacy of plasma-treated polycaprolactone (PT-PCL) nanofibers functionalized with ultrasound sequentially extruded stromal vascular fraction chimeric vesicles (USE-SCNVs).

Main Methods:

• Fabrication of PT-PCL electrospun nanofiber membranes.
• Functionalization with USE-SCNVs using an ultrasound-sequential extrusion technique.
• In vivo evaluation of bone regeneration in animal models.

Main Results:

• USE-SCNVs promote efficient macrophage internalization and M2 polarization, driven by enriched miRNAs like miR-30b.
• The developed membranes significantly accelerated new bone formation and maturation within 2 weeks.
• New bone exhibited mature characteristics and increased platelet-like bone density.

Conclusions:

• The PT-PCL nanofiber membrane functionalized with USE-SCNVs represents a promising strategy for rapid and effective bone defect regeneration.
• The ultrasound-sequential extrusion method offers a clinically viable approach for vesicle preparation.
• This technology enhances osteogenic microenvironments by modulating immune responses for improved bone healing.