Midface defects caused by mucormycosis with a new classification: a retrospective study

Area of Science:

• Otorhinolaryngology
• Head and Neck Surgery
• Infectious Diseases

Background:

• Midface defects present complex challenges in reconstructive surgery.
• Management is complicated by both malignant and non-malignant etiologies.
• A new classification system for non-malignant, non-traumatic midface defects is proposed.

Purpose of the Study:

• To introduce a novel classification system for midface defects.
• To categorize defects arising specifically from mucormycosis.
• To aid in the surgical reconstruction of these complex defects.

Main Methods:

• Evaluation of 107 patients with midface defects due to mucormycosis.
• Assessment based on anatomical location and extent of tissue involvement.
• Analysis of underlying conditions and risk factors.

Main Results:

• Diabetes mellitus was the most prevalent comorbidity.
• The paranasal sinuses were the most commonly affected anatomical region.
• One case involved brain tissue, and 14 had no identifiable risk factors.

Conclusions:

• This study presents the first comprehensive classification system for mucormycosis-related midface defects.
• The proposed system aids in understanding the spectrum of these defects.
• It provides a foundation for tailored reconstructive strategies.