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Advanced extraction techniques and functional applications of millet-derived nutrients: a review
Krantidip R Pawar1,2, Prabhat K Nema1, Dhiraj Kumar Yadav3
1Department of Food Engineering, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Kundli, Sonepat, Haryana 131028 India.
Journal of Food Science and Technology
|September 8, 2025
Summary
Millets, or Nutri-cereals, offer vital nutrients for healthy longevity. Innovative extraction methods significantly improve the yield and quality of these health-promoting compounds for wider applications.
Area of Science:
- Nutritional Science
- Food Technology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Millets are traditional Nutri-cereals rich in essential nutrients like carbohydrates, proteins, fiber, lipids, vitamins, minerals, and phytochemicals.
- Their low glycemic index and gluten-free nature make them suitable for diverse dietary needs, promoting healthy longevity.
- Conventional solvent extraction methods for isolating millet components face limitations in efficiency and can degrade bioactive compounds.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and compare various extraction techniques for isolating health-promoting components from millets.
- To highlight the advantages of innovative methods over traditional solvent extraction.
- To explore the potential applications of extracted millet bioactive components in functional foods and nutraceuticals.
Main Methods:
- Review of scientific literature on millet component extraction.
- Analysis of conventional solvent extraction techniques and their limitations.
- Evaluation of advanced extraction technologies including ultrasonication-assisted, microwave-assisted, enzymatic-assisted, pulse electric field-assisted, and supercritical fluid extraction.
Main Results:
- Innovative extraction methods (ultrasonication, microwave, enzymatic, pulse electric field, supercritical fluid) enhance extraction yield and functional attributes compared to solvent extraction.
- The choice of extraction method depends on targeted components, millet matrix properties, efficacy, speed, and economic factors.
- Millet bioactive components show significant potential for use in functional foods, nutraceuticals, and other industrial products.
Conclusions:
- Advanced extraction techniques are crucial for maximizing the recovery and quality of bioactive components from millets.
- Optimized extraction and utilization of millet nutrients support scientific research and industrial innovation in health-focused products.
- This review provides a framework for harnessing millet's nutritional potential to meet global demands for sustainable, healthy food solutions.
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