Effect of root conditioning agents on teeth periodontal using Scanning electron microscopy

Area of Science:

• Periodontology
• Biomaterials Science
• Regenerative Medicine

Background:

• Mechanical instrumentation during dental procedures creates a smear layer on root surfaces.
• This smear layer can hinder connective tissue reattachment and impede periodontal healing.
• Root conditioning agents are utilized to eliminate the smear layer and promote tissue regeneration.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the effectiveness of five root conditioning agents in removing the smear layer.
• To compare the efficacy of citric acid, EDTA, phosphoric acid, tetracycline hydrochloride, and hyaluronic acid.
• To assess the impact of conditioning on dentinal tubule patency using scanning electron microscopy.

Main Methods:

• Root surfaces were treated with five different conditioning agents: 20% citric acid, 17% EDTA, 37% phosphoric acid, 250 mg/mL tetracycline hydrochloride, and 0.8% hyaluronic acid.
• Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to examine the root surfaces.
• The number of patent dentinal tubules was quantified for each agent.

Main Results:

• Tetracycline hydrochloride demonstrated superior efficacy compared to all other tested agents.
• A significantly higher number of patent dentinal tubules were observed after treatment with tetracycline hydrochloride.
• Other agents showed varying degrees of smear layer removal and tubule patency.

Conclusions:

• Root surface conditioning significantly enhances biocompatibility and promotes fibroblast adhesion.
• Tetracycline hydrochloride is a highly effective root conditioning agent for improving periodontal healing.
• Optimized root surface preparation contributes to favorable surgical outcomes in periodontal regeneration.