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Chronic hepatitis E: The neglected liver killer
Chang-Yi Ji1, Meng-Meng Gu2, Lan Huang2
1Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Immunology in Chronic Diseases, Research Center of Laboratory, School of Laboratory, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu 233000, China.
Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International : HBPD INT
|October 4, 2025
Summary
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) can cause chronic infections in immunocompromised individuals, potentially leading to liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. Early diagnosis and prevention are crucial due to limited treatment options.
Area of Science:
- Hepatology
- Virology
- Immunology
Background:
- Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infections can be acute or persistent.
- Chronic hepatitis E is common in immunocompromised individuals, including organ transplant recipients, HIV-positive patients, and those with hematological malignancies.
- Chronic HEV poses a significant risk for developing liver fibrosis and cirrhosis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostics, and therapeutics of chronic hepatitis E.
- To highlight the challenges in managing HEV in immunocompromised populations.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive PubMed searches were conducted up to September 2024.
- Search terms included "immunocompromised," "solid organ transplant," "HIV," "hematological malignancy," and "hepatitis E virus."
- References from key articles were manually reviewed to identify additional publications.
Main Results:
- Immunocompromised individuals with HEV are at higher risk for chronic infection.
- Chronic HEV can progress to liver fibrosis and cirrhosis.
- Understanding and treatment of HEV remain limited, posing challenges for prevention and management.
Conclusions:
- Chronic hepatitis E requires specialized clinical attention.
- Identifying risk factors is essential for accurate diagnosis and effective prevention.
- Improved monitoring, treatment, and prevention strategies are needed for immunocompromised individuals.
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