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Implementing HeartPal: Design and Early Results of a Specialized Care Delivery Model for Advancing Palliative Care in
Nelia Jain1, Eilann C Santo1, Hanna-Riikka Lehto2
1Division of Adult Palliative Care, Department of Supportive Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts; Division of Palliative Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Insights
HeartPal, an integrated palliative care (PC) service for advanced heart disease (AHD), improved goals-of-care discussions and reduced hospital deaths. This model demonstrates the feasibility of embedding PC within AHD programs.
Area of Science:
- Palliative Care
- Cardiology
- Health Services Research
Background:
- Patients with advanced heart disease (AHD) experience significant symptom burden and complex care decisions.
- Access to palliative care (PC) for AHD patients is often inconsistent.
- There is a need for integrated care models to address these challenges.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the design, implementation, and early outcomes of HeartPal, a specialty-aligned interprofessional PC service.
- To evaluate the impact of HeartPal on patient care and service utilization.
- To provide insights for replicating similar PC services in AHD programs.
Main Methods:
- HeartPal is an interprofessional PC service embedded within an AHD program, including a nurse practitioner, social worker, and PC physician.
- Longitudinal care is provided across inpatient and outpatient settings.
- Registry data from 505 patients (2019-2021) and FY2024 operational metrics were analyzed.
Main Results:
- Monthly referrals to HeartPal increased by 46.2%.
- Referrals for goals-of-care discussions significantly increased (50.0% to 83.3%), while advanced therapy evaluations decreased.
- In-hospital deaths post-admission decreased by 37.5%, and clinic follow-up increased.
Conclusions:
- HeartPal demonstrates the feasibility of integrating PC into AHD care pathways.
- The service shows positive impacts on care coordination and patient outcomes.
- Institutional investment is crucial for the successful implementation and sustainability of such programs.
Background:
Patients with advanced heart disease (AHD) face a high symptom burden and complex care decisions with inconsistent access to palliative care (PC). We describe the design, implementation, and early outcomes of HeartPal, a specialty-aligned interprofessional PC service embedded within an AHD program, to inform replication in similar settings.
Methods And Results:
Launched in 2019, HeartPal includes a nurse practitioner, social worker, and PC physician delivering longitudinal care across inpatient and outpatient settings. We analyzed registry data from 505 patients referred between 2019 and 2021, fiscal year (FY) 2024 data, and service operational metrics. Monthly referrals increased from 13.2 to 19.3 patients (+46.2%). Referrals for advanced therapy evaluations decreased from 76 in 158 (48.1%) to 26 in 174 (14.9%), and goals-of-care referrals increased from 79 in 158 (50.0%) to 145 in 174 (83.3%). Among decedents, referrals within 60 days of death decreased by 47.1%. In-hospital deaths after the index admission decreased from 24 to 15 (-37.5%), and clinic follow-up increased from 23 in 142 (16.2%) to 34 in 158 (21.5%). In fiscal year 2024, the team completed 837 encounters, generating 2,063 relative value units. Billing offset 20% of the direct personnel costs.
Conclusions:
HeartPal illustrates the feasibility of embedding PC within AHD care pathways, while highlighting the critical need for institutional investment.
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