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Updated: Jan 15, 2026
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Ex Vivo Infection of Human Lymphoid Tissue and Female Genital Mucosa with Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 and Histoculture
Published on: October 12, 2018
9.6K
Skin cancer and human immunodeficiency virus
Cory Kosche1, Martin Tw Chio2, Sarah T Arron3
1Department of Dermatology, University of California Medical School, San Francisco, CA.
Clinics in Dermatology
|October 9, 2025
Summary
Persons living with HIV (PLWH) face evolving skin cancer risks, particularly higher rates of squamous cell carcinoma and Merkel cell carcinoma. Antiretroviral therapy influences these risks, necessitating tailored screening and treatment strategies.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Infectious Diseases
- Oncology
Background:
- Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has reshaped the landscape of health for persons living with HIV (PLWH).
- Skin cancers, including keratinocyte carcinomas (basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma), are a significant concern in the general population and PLWH.
- PLWH may experience elevated risks for specific skin cancers like squamous cell carcinoma, Merkel cell carcinoma, and sebaceous carcinoma.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current understanding of skin cancer risks in PLWH.
- To discuss the influence of HIV, ART, and immune status on skin cancer development.
- To highlight current screening recommendations and treatment modalities for skin cancer in PLWH.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies investigating skin cancer incidence and risk factors in PLWH.
- Analysis of data regarding the impact of antiretroviral therapy on skin cancer risk.
- Examination of treatment outcomes, including the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors in PLWH.
Main Results:
- PLWH may have an increased risk of squamous cell carcinoma, Merkel cell carcinoma, and sebaceous carcinoma compared to the general population.
- Melanoma risk data in PLWH is variable.
- Immune status, photosensitivity, and vigilant surveillance are key factors influencing skin cancer risk.
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors show promise for safe and effective use in PLWH, warranting further investigation.
Conclusions:
- The relationship between HIV, ART, immunosuppression, and skin cancer risk is complex and dynamic.
- Tailored screening and treatment guidelines are crucial for managing skin cancer in PLWH.
- Further research is essential to refine understanding and management strategies for skin cancer in this population.
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