Microscopic Polyangiitis with Alveolar Hemorrhage Complicated by Myasthenia Gravis

This case report describes the case of an 80-year-old man with ocular myasthenia gravis, who developed microscopic polyangiitis with alveolar hemorrhage. This rare co-occurrence of the two autoimmune diseases presented significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Despite the initial improvement with glucocorticoids, the patient relapsed and died before receiving additional immunosuppressive agents. Thus, the balance between therapeutic efficacy and adverse effects, such as infections, must be carefully considered, especially in elderly patients. This case underscores the importance of recognizing rare overlaps of autoimmune diseases and highlights the need for individualized treatment strategies, especially in older individuals, in whom aggressive immunosuppression carries additional risks.