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Soft and Strong: Elastic Conductors with Bio-Inspired Self-Protection.

Chenglong Zhang1,2, Xiulun Yin1,2, Chris Zhou3

  • 1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6T 1Z4, Canada.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|October 16, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers created a novel conductive yarn inspired by skin

Keywords:
carbon nanotube fibermachine learningstretchable electronicswearable sensors

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Textile Engineering
  • Biomimetics

Background:

  • Human skin's mechanical properties arise from integrating compliant elastin with stiff collagen.
  • This structure provides both softness and strength, enabling complex functions.
  • Existing wearable technologies often lack the comfort and durability of natural textiles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer a highly conductive and stretchable yarn mimicking skin's mechanical properties.
  • To develop a versatile yarn for advanced wearable applications.
  • To explore tunable properties for specific smart textile functions.

Main Methods:

  • Stiff conductive wires were patterned into sinusoidal shapes.
  • These wires were mechanically interlocked with elastic fibers using a novel woven fabric technique.
  • The resulting yarn's mechanical, electrical, and sensing properties were characterized.

Main Results:

  • The fabric-based yarn exhibits high conductivity, stretchability (over 500% strain), and tensile strength (up to 30 MPa).
  • It demonstrates a unique transition from low to high stiffness under strain.
  • Tunable versions function as strain-insensitive connecting yarns and dual-mode mechanical sensors.

Conclusions:

  • The biomimetic yarn offers a unique combination of conductivity, stretchability, and mechanical robustness.
  • This material enables the development of comfortable, durable, and functional smart textiles.
  • Applications include wearable interfaces like wristband controllers.