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New Classification System in Judo for Athletes With Visual Impairments: Performance-Related Outcomes According to
Rafael Lima Kons1, Marina S da Silva Athayde2, Danilo F C Santos3
1Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly : APAQ
|October 16, 2025
Summary
The new International Blind Sports Federation judo classification system (J1/J2) shows distinct performance differences between medalists and non-medalists. This research explores how the J1 and J2 classes impact judo outcomes in the Paris 2024 Paralympics.
Area of Science:
- Sports Science
- Paralympic Studies
- Vision Impairment Research
Background:
- The International Blind Sports Federation updated judo classification in 2022 into J1 (totally blind) and J2 (partially sighted) categories.
- The aim was to enhance fairness in competitions for athletes with visual impairments.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze performance-related outcomes for judo athletes under the new J1 and J2 classification system.
- To evaluate the impact of the new system on the Paris 2024 Paralympic Games.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of 195 judo matches (105 male, 90 female) from the Paris 2024 Paralympics.
- Used ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc tests to compare medalists and non-medalists.
- Examined scoring index, technical standing variability, and qualitative variation.
Main Results:
- Medalists demonstrated superior performance in scoring index, technical standing variability, and qualitative variation compared to non-medalists.
- In the J1 class, medalists exhibited greater technical groundwork variability.
- J1 athletes showed a higher frequency of turning actions, forward throws, and two-footed stances.
Conclusions:
- The new J1 and J2 classification system appears to correlate with different performance outcomes.
- The classification system likely contributes to a more equitable and balanced competitive environment in para-judo.
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