Imaging of the Temporomandibular Joint Interventions

In this article, we address the imaging considerations for both closed and open temporomandibular joint (TMJ) surgeries, as well as non-TMJ procedures that indirectly affect TMJ function. Techniques, such as arthrocentesis, disc repositioning (discopexy), condylectomy, eminectomy, total joint replacement, autogenous bone grafting, and various discectomy approaches, are explored. Pre-operative and post-operative MR imaging, computed tomography (CT), and cone beam CT protocols are highlighted, emphasizing the distinction between normal healing and pathologic changes (eg, disc re-displacement, graft failure, and hardware issues). Overall, this article equips radiologists to correlate surgical procedures with imaging findings, enabling timely diagnosis and improved patient outcomes.