Laboratory Evaluation of the Physicochemical Properties of Novel Pre-Mixed Putty-Type Bioceramic Materials

This study aimed to compare the physicochemical properties of EndoSequence Root Repair Material (ERRM) Fast and CeraPutty with ProRoot MTA and Biodentine, focusing on setting time, radiopacity, microhardness, and pH. Setting time was measured using a Gilmore-type indenter applied every 5 min until no indentation was observed (n = 15 per group). Radiopacity was assessed via aluminium step wedge, microhardness using Vickers hardness, and pH changes with a digital pH meter. Nonparametric statistical analyses were conducted with a significance level of 95%. Biodentine exhibited the shortest setting time and highest microhardness, while ERRM Fast showed the highest radiopacity. High alkaline pH values were measured for all materials. Within the limitations of this study, the new pre-mixed calcium silicate materials exhibited physicochemical properties comparable to traditionally mixed materials, indicating their potential suitability for endodontic treatments. However, careful selection based on clinical requirements, including handling, setting time, and mechanical properties, is essential.