Clinical Evaluation of Cardiac Failure in Post-Myocardial Infarction Patients

To assess the complications of myocardial infarction (MI) and evaluate the precautionary and preventive measures in patients developing cardiac failure post-MI.

This 12-month prospective observational research at a tertiary care facility included 65 post-MI patients. A thorough clinical evaluation, Electrocardiogram (ECG), and two-dimensional echocardiogram (2D ECHO) were performed on patients. Study variables included functional cardiac anomalies, chamber enlargement, Regional wall motion abnormality (RWMA), New York heart association (NYHA) classification, and comorbidities.

In 59% of 2D ECHO patients, segmental dysfunction was the most frequent functional abnormality. The main chamber findings were left ventricular hypertrophy (32%) and left atrial enlargement (29%). Clinically, 78% had paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (PND)/orthopnea and 67% were NYHA Class III or IV. The most common comorbidities were hypertension (72%) and diabetes (60%).

Segmental myocardial dysfunction, structural chamber anomalies, and particular ECG patterns substantially predict post-MI cardiac failure. This high-risk group needs early echocardiography, strong risk factor control, and timely heart failure treatment to decrease progression and enhance outcomes.