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Solvent-Dependent Oxidative Ring Opening of Cyclopropylamides Mediated by Halogen Bonding
Chaoxiang Ning1, Jiye Shu1, Xiaojun Zeng2
1Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Drug Target Discovery and Validation, School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China.
A new solvent-dependent method enables the oxidative ring opening of cyclopropylamides using N-iodosuccinimide (NIS). This approach yields either 3-iodo N,O-acetals or 1,3-oxazines, offering a versatile synthetic strategy.
Area of Science:
- Organic Chemistry
- Synthetic Chemistry
Background:
- Cyclopropylamides are versatile building blocks in organic synthesis.
- Oxidative ring opening reactions are crucial for accessing diverse heterocyclic compounds.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a novel, solvent-dependent method for the oxidative ring opening of cyclopropylamides.
- To explore the formation of different products based on solvent choice.
Main Methods:
- Utilizing N-iodosuccinimide (NIS) for oxidative ring opening under mild conditions.
- Investigating the effect of different solvents (hexane vs. carbon tetrachloride) on reaction outcome.
- Conducting mechanistic studies involving halogen bonding.
Main Results:
- Hexane as a solvent selectively produced 3-iodo N,O-acetals in good yields.
- Carbon tetrachloride as a solvent favored the formation of 1,3-oxazines.
- The developed method demonstrated excellent functional-group tolerance and avoided external bases, acids, or metals.
Conclusions:
- A divergent, solvent-controlled oxidative ring opening of cyclopropylamides has been achieved.
- Halogen bonding plays a key role in the reaction mechanism, influencing product selectivity.
- This method provides a facile and efficient route to valuable organic scaffolds.
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