Autogenous Demineralized Dentin Graft With High Molecular Weight Hyaluronic Acid in Ridge Preservation: Pilot Trial

The current trial assessed for the first time radiographic and histological alterations, following alveolar ridge preservation (ARP), using autogenous demineralized dentin graft carried in 0.2% high molecular weight sodium hyaluronate (ADDG+HA; test group) versus autogenous demineralized dentin graft (ADDG, control group) alone.

Thirty patients (n = 30) with non-restorable single-rooted teeth were randomly assigned into two groups (n = 15/group). Following extraction, ARP was performed using either ADDG solely or ADDG+HA. Bucco-lingual alveolar ridge width (BLRW; primary outcome), buccal (BRH) and lingual ridge height (LRH), percentage of newly formed bone, soft tissue and residual graft in human biopsies histologically, as well as patients' pain and discomfort (all secondary outcomes) were assessed after 6 months at the time of implant placement. Sample bone core biopsies were further collected, processed, and histomorphometrically and SEM analyzed.

For the ADDG and ADDG+HA groups, the alveolar ridge dimensional changes were comparable, being -1.21 ± 0.77 mm and -1.18 ± 0.86 mm in BLRW, -0.89 ± 0.74 and -0.83 ± 0.85 mm in BRH, and -0.9 ± 0.76 mm and -1.05 ± 1.18 mm in LRH respectively (p > 0.05). Clinically, no complications, pain, or inflammatory responses were reported. Histologically, all samples demonstrated bone growth and socket bone fill, while the ADDG+HA group showed a significantly greater presence of mineralized mature bone, which accounted for 33% ± 8.1% of the specimen after 6 months.

Both ADDG and ADDG+HA demonstrated comparable outcomes in terms of ARP. HA amalgamation with ADDG appears to enhance bone mineralization and maturation, yet without a significant impact on dimensional changes during ARP procedures.

NCT05613075.