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Related Concept Videos

Assessment of the Rectum and Anus01:25

Assessment of the Rectum and Anus

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Evaluating the rectum and anus plays a crucial role in conducting a thorough physical examination of the gastrointestinal system. Although it may be uncomfortable and often embarrassing for the patient, it holds immense diagnostic value, particularly in detecting gastrointestinal diseases and abnormalities. This guide will explain how to perform this assessment using inspection and palpation methods.
Rectal Inspection
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management01:21

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Surgical interventions for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are essential in managing symptoms and addressing complications. The selection of surgical procedures is contingent upon the specific conditions and complications that stem from these illnesses.
Here are some common surgical interventions for IBD:
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Endoscopic Procedures II: Colonoscopy01:25

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The colon, or large intestine, is the final segment of the digestive system. Its primary functions include absorbing water and vitamins produced by gut bacteria and transforming waste from liquid to solid to form stool. In adults, the large intestine is approximately 5 feet long and consists of four main sections:
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Imaging Studies III: Gastrointestinal Motility Studies and Virtual Colonoscopy01:26

Imaging Studies III: Gastrointestinal Motility Studies and Virtual Colonoscopy

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This lesson explores three gastrointestinal imaging techniques: radionuclide testing, colonic transit studies, and virtual colonoscopy.
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Endoscopic Procedures IV: Sigmoidoscopy and Laproscopy01:26

Endoscopic Procedures IV: Sigmoidoscopy and Laproscopy

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Sigmoidoscopy and laparoscopy are distinct medical procedures that enable physicians to internally inspect different parts of the GI tract. Although they serve different purposes, each is essential for diagnosing and, in some cases, treating various medical conditions.
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Sigmoidoscopy is a diagnostic procedure that uses a flexible sigmoidoscope equipped with a light source and camera to examine the rectum and sigmoid colon. The procedure involves inserting the tube through the anus...
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Esophageal Strictures-II: Clinical Features and Management01:26

Esophageal Strictures-II: Clinical Features and Management

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Patients with esophageal strictures often experience a range of symptoms. Initially, they may have difficulty swallowing solid foods, which can progress to include liquids. Additional symptoms may involve chest pain or discomfort, regurgitating food and fluids, heartburn, unintentional weight loss, coughing or choking during meals, and hoarseness.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 11, 2026

Murine Distal Colostomy, A Novel Model of Diversion Colitis in C57BL/6 Mice
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Review of Colonic Pseudo-obstruction.

Jacob Applegarth1, Jacob Mesiti1, Danielle Hurst1

  • 1Corewell Health East, William Beaumont University Hospital, Department of Colorectal Surgery, MI, USA.

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Colonic pseudo-obstruction, often due to enteric nervous system issues, typically involves conservative or medical treatments. Endoscopic decompression is a key surgical option, with surgery reserved for rare, emergent perforation risks.

Keywords:
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Flexible Colonoscopy in Mice to Evaluate the Severity of Colitis and Colorectal Tumors Using a Validated Endoscopic Scoring System
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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Colorectal Surgery
  • Neurogastroenterology

Background:

  • Colonic pseudo-obstruction (CPO) frequently arises from enteric nervous system dysfunction.
  • Definitive treatment for CPO remains challenging.
  • Current management relies on conservative approaches and pharmacotherapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the management strategies for colonic pseudo-obstruction.
  • To highlight the role of endoscopic decompression and surgical intervention.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of CPO management.
  • Analysis of treatment outcomes for conservative, medical, and surgical interventions.
  • Evaluation of indications for endoscopic and operative procedures.

Main Results:

  • Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors are a primary medical therapy.
  • Endoscopic decompression is a crucial intervention for refractory cases.
  • Surgical intervention is indicated for impending perforation.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of CPO requires a multidisciplinary approach.
  • Surgeons must be proficient in endoscopic decompression techniques.
  • Timely recognition of surgical indications is vital to prevent complications.