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Automated Acoustic Dispensing for the Serial Dilution of Peptide Agonists in Potency Determination Assays
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Self-Focused Acoustically Driven pL-Level Dispensing Pipet Enabling Rapid Concentration Gradient Generation.

Haitao Zhang1, Jiahui Jin2, Zirui Zhao1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.

Analytical Chemistry
|November 17, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new gigahertz acoustic dispensing pipetting technology precisely creates concentration gradients for biomedical research. This high-throughput method enhances reproducibility and efficiency in drug screening and antimicrobial susceptibility testing.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Microfluidics
  • Acoustic Technology

Background:

  • Precise concentration gradients are vital in drug screening and toxicology.
  • Traditional methods like serial dilution are operator-dependent and lack precision with small volumes.
  • High-throughput and microscale research demand improved reproducibility and efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Introduce a gigahertz (GHz) self-focused acoustic dispensing pipetting (ADP) technology.
  • Enable high-precision, on-demand droplet dispensing for reproducible gradient formation.
  • Enhance efficiency in microvolume gradient construction for various research applications.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized GHz self-focused acoustic energy for ultrafast microdroplet dispensing.
  • Achieved coefficient of variation (CV) below 1% for precise volume delivery.
  • Demonstrated high throughput (6 μL/s) and rapid droplet ejection (exceeding 2 m/s).

Main Results:

  • Generated concentration gradients in under a minute with high fidelity (R² = 0.997).
  • ADP system outperformed traditional pipetting in gradient fidelity and operational efficiency.
  • Showcased application in antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) for MIC determination.

Conclusions:

  • GHz ADP technology offers superior precision, reproducibility, and efficiency for concentration gradient formation.
  • The platform is suitable for high-throughput drug screening and personalized medicine.
  • ADP technology addresses limitations of traditional pipetting in microscale research.