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Updated: Jan 10, 2026
05:31
Examining Bilingual Language Control Using the Stroop Task
Published on: February 26, 2020
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The Stroop Effect in Aphasia: A Narrative Literature Review.
Emmanouil Anyfantis1, Tepanta R D Fossett2, Malcolm R McNeil3
1Department of Speech Language Therapy, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|November 22, 2025
Summary
People with aphasia (PWA) show interference effects on the color-word Stroop task (C-WST), similar to healthy controls (HC). However, PWA exhibit an over-additive interference effect, suggesting potential cognitive deficits requiring further investigation.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Cognitive Psychology
- Linguistics
Background:
- Aphasia is a language disorder impacting cognitive mechanisms for linguistic representation.
- The color-word Stroop task (C-WST) is a common tool for assessing cognitive deficits.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review literature on the C-WST's application in evaluating cognitive deficits in people with aphasia (PWA).
Main Methods:
- Searched four databases for studies using "Stroop" and "aphasia" keywords.
- Included studies with PWA using C-WST, measuring reaction time (RT) and accuracy for incongruent and control conditions.
- Compared interference and facilitation effects in PWA and healthy controls (HC).
Main Results:
- Eight studies met criteria, mostly with small PWA groups.
- All studies found RT interference effects in PWA; six of eight found effects in HC.
- Over-additive interference effects were observed in five of eight studies involving PWA.
Conclusions:
- Both PWA and HC groups exhibit C-WST interference effects, with PWA showing an over-additive effect.
- Limited studies preclude definitive links between inhibition impairment and aphasia.
- Further research using the C-WST in PWA is warranted.
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