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Thermo-Responsive Smart Window Coupled with Heat Storage Effect.

Tianle Cheng1, Xusheng Zhang1,2, Zeyu Niu1,2

  • 1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Full Spectral Solar Electricity Generation (FSSEG), Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), No. 1088, Xueyuan Rd., Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a dual-layer thermo-responsive smart window (DLTS) that integrates light control with solar heat storage. These advanced smart windows actively manage energy, offering significant energy savings for buildings.

Keywords:
PNIPAMphase change materialssolar heat storage and releasesupercoolingthermos‐responsive smart window

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Energy Science
  • Building Technology

Background:

  • Thermo-responsive smart windows waste solar energy, limiting their use in carbon-neutral buildings.
  • Existing smart windows function primarily as passive light modulators.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a dual-layer thermo-responsive smart window (DLTS) that integrates optical regulation with solar heat storage.
  • To enhance smart windows into active energy management systems for buildings.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a DLTS comprising a thermochromic poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) (PNIPAM) layer and a controllable supercooled calcium chloride hexahydrate (CCH) phase-change layer.
  • Tuning the thermo-responsive temperature (Tr) of PNIPAM from 7 to 70 °C using dimethylacetamide (DMA) and tartaric acid (TA).
  • Adjusting the Tr of CCH from 9 to 31 °C using ethanol and urea, enabling it to cover seasonal temperature changes.

Main Results:

  • Achieved the broadest reported Tr range for PNIPAM and the first Tr range covering seasonal changes for CCH.
  • Demonstrated a supercooling degree of 50 °C for CCH, maintaining transparency across wide temperature variations.
  • Reported a high latent heat storage of 199 J g-1 in CCH, releasable for indoor heating.
  • Observed remarkable solar modulation (ΔTsol = 70.1%) due to the dual-layer design with matched Tr points.

Conclusions:

  • The DLTS transforms smart windows into active energy management systems by combining optical regulation with solar heat storage.
  • DLTS offers significant annual energy savings (over 20%) in HVAC systems compared to normal glass.
  • This technology holds potential for enhancing energy efficiency in carbon-neutral buildings.