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Environmentally safe and cost-effective microplastic isolation using a salt-sugar flotation approach.

Anita Tirkey1, Lata Sheo Bachan Upadhyay1

  • 1Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Raipur, Raipur, India.

Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies
|December 8, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a cost-effective, eco-friendly flotation media using a common salt and sugar solution for microplastic remediation. This safe and affordable method efficiently separates microplastics from environmental samples.

Keywords:
Flotation mediafood grade saltfood grade sugarlab grade sodium chloridemicroplastics

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Environmental Chemistry
  • Green Chemistry

Background:

  • Microplastics are pervasive environmental pollutants with detrimental impacts on ecosystems.
  • They act as vectors for hazardous contaminants, affecting soil fauna, plants, and water bodies.
  • Conventional microplastic remediation using density separation with salts is expensive and has drawbacks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an environmentally benign, cost-effective flotation medium for microplastic remediation.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of common salt and table sugar solutions for microplastic separation.

Main Methods:

  • Tested three cost-effective salt solutions: food-grade common salt, table sugar, and a 1:1 salt-sugar solution.
  • Assessed the efficiency of these solutions in separating microplastics using density separation.
  • Compared the performance of the salt-sugar solution to AR-grade sodium chloride.

Main Results:

  • The 1:1 food-grade salt-sugar solution demonstrated efficiency comparable to AR-grade sodium chloride.
  • This eco-friendly solution achieved 100% separation efficiency for low-density microplastics.
  • It showed 43.3-76.7% separation efficacy for high-density microplastics in spiked samples.

Conclusions:

  • A 1:1 common salt and table sugar solution is an effective and safe microplastic remediation medium.
  • This method offers a cost-effective alternative to conventional salt-based remediation.
  • The developed flotation media is environmentally benign and suitable for safe disposal.