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Breakfast Habits among Schoolchildren in the City of Uruguaiana, Brazil
Published on: July 29, 2020
Inflammatory Dietary Pattern Associated With Metabolic Biomarkers, Blood Pressure and Anthropometric Indicators in
Luana S Blaudt1, Taís de S Lopes1, Amanda de M Souza2
1Department of Social and Applied Nutrition, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Background:
Diet may influence the subclinical inflammatory responses related to metabolic disorders.
Objective:
To identify a dietary pattern associated with inflammatory biomarkers and to evaluate its association with metabolic, clinical and anthropometric indicators in Brazilian adolescents.
Methods:
Data from Brazilian adolescents aged 12-17 years participating in the Study of Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents (ERICA, 2013-2014) were analysed. Dietary intake was assessed using a 24-h dietary recall. A dietary pattern was derived using the Partial Least Squares regression in a subset (n = 3703) with C-reactive protein and adiponectin as intermediate variables and retaining food groups with factor loadings ≥ |0.15|. Associations between the pro-inflammatory dietary pattern and anthropometric indicators and metabolic biomarkers were examined in a subsample of adolescents (n = 36 956) using crude and adjusted multiple linear regression models.
Results:
The pro-inflammatory dietary pattern was characterised by positive loadings for soft drinks, cakes, cheese, fats, pasta, snacks, sweets and bread, and with negative loadings for rice, milk-based dishes, poultry, fish and beans. The mean inflammatory dietary pattern score was 0.05 overall, and higher for girls (0.08) than boys (0.03). Significant associations (p < 0.05) were found between the pro-inflammatory dietary pattern and increased BMI (β = 0.07 kg/m2), fasting blood glucose (β = 0.20 mg/dL) and HOMA-IR (β = 0.03), after adjusting for sex, age, school type, diet report quality and daily energy intake.
Conclusions:
Among Brazilian adolescents, a pro-inflammatory dietary pattern was associated with higher body weight, fasting glucose and insulin resistance.
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