Emerging Strategies for Bioactive Agent-Loaded Xenogeneic Bone Scaffolds in Regenerative Medicine: A Comprehensive
Jing Zhang1,2, Wenhe Qin1,2, Wenjie Yue1,2
1Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, People's Republic of China.
Drug Design, Development and Therapy
|December 10, 2025
Summary
Bone tissue engineering offers advanced bone graft substitutes to meet rising global demand. This review explores xenogeneic scaffolds and bioactive agents for enhanced bone defect repair.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Regenerative Medicine
- Orthopedic Surgery
Background:
- Growing global demand for bone grafts due to aging populations and trauma.
- Limitations of autologous bone transplantation in meeting clinical needs.
- Advancements in bone tissue engineering (BTE) for developing bone graft substitutes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the design and fabrication of xenogeneic bone scaffolds.
- To examine commonly loaded bioactive components for bone regeneration.
- To analyze challenges and future directions in bone scaffold engineering.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of literature on xenogeneic bone scaffolds.
- Analysis of bioactive agents including BMPs, PRP, natural products, TCMs, and exosomes.
- Critical evaluation of advantages and limitations of different scaffold components.
Main Results:
- Xenogeneic scaffolds are promising carriers for bioactive agents in BTE.
- Various bioactive components (BMPs, PRP, exosomes, etc.) enhance osteoconductivity, osteoinductivity, and osteogenic potential.
- Multimodal strategies for bioactive agent delivery are key to effective bone defect treatment.
Conclusions:
- Optimized xenogeneic bone scaffolds with carefully selected bioactive agents represent a viable solution for bone defects.
- Further research into multimodal delivery strategies is crucial for improving therapeutic outcomes.
- Bone tissue engineering holds significant potential for addressing the limitations of current bone grafting methods.
