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Investigations on the GaIII Complex of EOB-DTPA and Its 68Ga Radiolabeled Analogue
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Trityl OXO71 Pharmacokinetics and Distribution in Rhesus Macaques.

Christopher D Kroenke1, Irene Canavesi2, Jenna N Castro3

  • 1Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA.

Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
|December 16, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Electron paramagnetic resonance oxygen imaging (EPROI) with the trityl radical OXO71 is safe in rhesus macaques. This study provides key pharmacokinetic and tissue distribution data for optimizing EPROI in humans.

Keywords:
electron paramagnetic resonancenonhuman primateoxygen imagingpharmacokineticstrityl radical

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Imaging
  • Medical Physics
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Electron paramagnetic resonance oxygen imaging (EPROI) quantifies oxygen partial pressure (pO2) in vivo.
  • OXO71 is a trityl radical used in EPROI, with prior applications in small animal studies.
  • Translating EPROI to human use requires optimization in large animal models similar to humans.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the pharmacokinetics of OXO71 after intravenous administration in rhesus macaques.
  • To determine the tissue distribution of OXO71 in rhesus macaques.
  • To assess the safety and feasibility of OXO71 for EPROI in a primate model.

Main Methods:

  • Three rhesus macaques received an intravenous bolus injection of 92 μmol/kg OXO71 over 10 minutes.
  • Plasma and urine samples were collected for 2 hours post-injection.
  • Following a second dose, animals were euthanized, and tissue distribution was assessed using EPR imaging.

Main Results:

  • Plasma OXO71 exhibited biphasic clearance with initial and terminal half-lives of 12.4 ± 1.2 min and 67.7 ± 8.9 min, respectively.
  • Appreciable OXO71 concentrations were found in most tissues, with the exception of the brain.
  • No adverse physiological effects were observed, indicating low toxicity.

Conclusions:

  • EPROI using OXO71 is safe and well-tolerated in primates.
  • The pharmacokinetic and tissue distribution data inform dose and timing for EPROI in large animals and humans.
  • These findings support the further development of OXO71-based EPROI for clinical applications.