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Quantum Process Tomography with Digital Twins of Error Matrices.

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We developed an enhanced quantum process tomography (QPT) method to improve the accuracy of quantum gate verification. This technique refines state preparation and measurement (SPAM) error learning, boosting fidelity in quantum computing experiments.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum computing
  • Quantum information science
  • Experimental physics

Background:

  • Quantum process tomography (QPT) is essential for verifying quantum gates and diagnosing errors in universal quantum computers.
  • State preparation and measurement (SPAM) errors significantly compromise the reliability of traditional QPT protocols.
  • Existing QPT methods struggle with inherent inconsistencies introduced by SPAM errors, limiting their precision.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and investigate an enhanced QPT method for multiqubit systems.
  • To improve the precision and reliability of QPT by addressing SPAM errors.
  • To provide a practical and accurate approach for assessing quantum gate fidelity.

Main Methods:

  • Integrating an error matrix within a digital twin of the identity process matrix.
  • Utilizing statistical refinement for learning SPAM errors.
  • Conducting numerical simulations and experimental validation on superconducting quantum processors.

Main Results:

  • The enhanced QPT method demonstrates highly accurate and faithful process characterization.
  • Numerical simulations confirm the approach's effectiveness in improving QPT precision.
  • Experimental validation shows at least an order-of-magnitude fidelity improvement over standard QPT.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed method offers a practical and precise solution for enhancing QPT.
  • This approach significantly improves the assessment of quantum gate fidelity.
  • The findings contribute to more reliable verification and diagnosis in quantum computing experiments.