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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Obstructive Sleep Apnea Coexistence: From Pathophysiology to Clinical
Xiaotong Wei1, Xiaoyu Zhang2, Siping Wang1
1College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, 130117, People's Republic of China.
International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
|December 22, 2025
Summary
Overlap syndrome (OSA-COPD) presents significant challenges due to its complex pathophysiology and widespread systemic effects. Early identification and personalized management are crucial for improving patient outcomes and prognosis.
Area of Science:
- Respiratory Medicine
- Sleep Medicine
- Internal Medicine
Background:
- Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are prevalent respiratory conditions.
- Their co-occurrence defines overlap syndrome (OVS), a distinct clinical entity with unique pathophysiological mechanisms and significant clinical implications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the consequences of OVS, from molecular mechanisms to clinical phenotypes.
- To synthesize knowledge into a conceptual framework for guiding future therapeutic development.
Main Methods:
- A narrative review of electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar).
- Focused on studies discussing the overlap between OSA and COPD.
Main Results:
- OVS is highly prevalent, influenced by gender, age, COPD phenotypes, and OSA severity.
- Pathogenesis involves smoking and obesity, leading to airflow limitation, hypoxia, and systemic inflammation.
- OVS presents with severe hypoxemia, hypercapnia, and numerous extrapulmonary manifestations, worsening prognosis.
Conclusions:
- Understanding OVS progression from localized airflow limitation to systemic injury is vital.
- Current evidence aids in early identification and diagnosis of OVS and its comorbidities.
- Future research should focus on personalized management strategies for OVS comorbidities.
Keywords:
chronic obstructive pulmonary diseasemetabolic diseaseobstructive apnea syndromeoverlap syndromeretinal vascular tortuosityvitamin D deficiencyMore Related Videos
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