Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

The Nitrogen Cycle01:49

The Nitrogen Cycle

59.4K
Nitrogen atoms, present in all proteins and DNA, are recycled between abiotic and biotic components of the ecosystem. However, the primary form of nitrogen on Earth is nitrogen gas, which cannot be used by most animals and plants. Thus, nitrogen gas must first be converted into a usable form by nitrogen-fixing bacteria before it can be cycled through other living organisms. The use of nitrogen-containing fertilizers and animal waste products in human agriculture has greatly influenced the...
59.4K
Inorganic Nitrogen Assimilation01:22

Inorganic Nitrogen Assimilation

455
Nitrogen is an essential element in biological systems, forming a crucial component of proteins, nucleic acids, and other cellular constituents. Many bacteria and archaea acquire nitrogen in the form of nitrate (NO₃⁻) or ammonia (NH₃), which are then assimilated into biomolecules through specific enzymatic pathways.Assimilatory Nitrate ReductionWhen nitrate enters the cell, it undergoes a two-step reduction process known as assimilatory nitrate reduction. Initially, the enzyme...
455
Overview of Nitrogen Metabolism01:20

Overview of Nitrogen Metabolism

11.0K
Nitrogen is a very important element for life because it is a major constituent of proteins and nucleic acids. It is a macronutrient, and in nature, it is recycled from organic compounds and stored in the form of  ammonia, ammonium ions, nitrate, nitrite, or  nitrogen gas by many metabolic processes. Many of these metabolic processes are carried out only by prokaryotes.
The largest pool of nitrogen available in the terrestrial ecosystem is gaseous nitrogen (N2) from the air, but this...
11.0K
Carbon-dioxide Fixation01:28

Carbon-dioxide Fixation

626
Carbon dioxide fixation in prokaryotes enables the assimilation of inorganic carbon into organic molecules, supporting biosynthetic pathways, sustaining ecosystems, and contributing to the global carbon cycle. It also has industrial applications in carbon capture and bioproduct synthesis. Autotrophic organisms rely on this process to utilize CO₂ as a carbon source in diverse environments.The Calvin CycleThe Calvin cycle is the most widespread carbon fixation mechanism, primarily used by...
626
Metabolism of Chemolithotrophs01:15

Metabolism of Chemolithotrophs

757
Chemolithotrophs are microorganisms that obtain energy by oxidizing inorganic molecules such as hydrogen gas (H₂), ammonia (NH₃), reduced sulfur compounds (H₂S, S²⁻), and ferrous iron (Fe²⁺). Unlike heterotrophic organisms that rely on organic carbon, chemolithotrophs transfer electrons from these inorganic donors to the electron transport chain (ETC), generating a proton motive force (PMF) that drives ATP synthesis through oxidative phosphorylation.
757
¹³C NMR: ¹H–¹³C Decoupling01:04

¹³C NMR: ¹H–¹³C Decoupling

1.7K
The probability of having two carbon-13 atoms next to each other is negligible because of the low natural abundance of carbon-13. Consequently, peak splitting due to carbon-carbon spin-spin coupling is not observed in spectra. However, protons up to three sigma bonds away split the carbon signal according to the n+1 rule, resulting in complicated spectra.
A broadband decoupling technique is used to simplify these complex, sometimes overlapping, signals. Broadband decoupling relies on a...
1.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Climate Change Accelerates Nitrate Delivery to Groundwater.

Environmental science & technology·2026
Same author

Correcting Apparent Priming Bias Unveils Fertilizer Nitrogen-Risk Archetypes of Surplus and Depletion Across Asian Rice Systems.

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)·2026
Same author

Climate change and interprovincial trade move grain production and environmental burdens northwards in China.

Nature food·2026
Same author

Tracing U.S. Fuel Life-Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emissions in a Multisector Dynamics Model Using LC-GCAM.

Environmental science & technology·2026
Same author

Development of a four-gene prognostic signature for hepatocellular carcinoma using TCGA and GEO datasets.

Discover oncology·2026
Same author

Spatiotemporal control of PIWI compartmentalization by mitochondrial scaffolds defines pachytene piRNA pathway organization.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same journal

Harmful algal blooms in inland waters.

Nature reviews. Earth & environment·2025
Same journal

Non-perennial segments in river networks.

Nature reviews. Earth & environment·2024
Same journal

The Anthropogenic Salt Cycle.

Nature reviews. Earth & environment·2024
Same journal

Preconditioning the 2023 Kahramanmaraş (Türkiye) earthquake disaster.

Nature reviews. Earth & environment·2023
Same journal

Monitoring global carbon emissions in 2022.

Nature reviews. Earth & environment·2023
Same journal

Embrace complexity to understand microplastic pollution.

Nature reviews. Earth & environment·2022
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 13, 2026

Calibrated Passive Sampling - Multi-plot Field Measurements of NH3 Emissions with a Combination of Dynamic Tube Method and Passive Samplers
10:29

Calibrated Passive Sampling - Multi-plot Field Measurements of NH3 Emissions with a Combination of Dynamic Tube Method and Passive Samplers

Published on: March 21, 2016

12.8K

Nitrogen management during decarbonization.

Xin Zhang1, Robert Sabo2, Lorenzo Rosa3

  • 1Appalachian Laboratory, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Frostburg, MD, USA.

Nature Reviews. Earth & Environment
|January 8, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Decarbonization strategies can increase nitrogen pollution. Sustainable management requires understanding the links between carbon and nitrogen cycles to avoid exacerbating eutrophication and enhance efficiency.

More Related Videos

Estimating Sediment Denitrification Rates Using Cores and N2O Microsensors
07:59

Estimating Sediment Denitrification Rates Using Cores and N2O Microsensors

Published on: December 6, 2018

8.6K
Measurement of the Potential Rates of Dissimilatory Nitrate Reduction to Ammonium Based on 14NH4+/15NH4+ Analyses via Sequential Conversion to N2O
08:05

Measurement of the Potential Rates of Dissimilatory Nitrate Reduction to Ammonium Based on 14NH4+/15NH4+ Analyses via Sequential Conversion to N2O

Published on: October 7, 2020

6.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 13, 2026

Calibrated Passive Sampling - Multi-plot Field Measurements of NH3 Emissions with a Combination of Dynamic Tube Method and Passive Samplers
10:29

Calibrated Passive Sampling - Multi-plot Field Measurements of NH3 Emissions with a Combination of Dynamic Tube Method and Passive Samplers

Published on: March 21, 2016

12.8K
Estimating Sediment Denitrification Rates Using Cores and N2O Microsensors
07:59

Estimating Sediment Denitrification Rates Using Cores and N2O Microsensors

Published on: December 6, 2018

8.6K
Measurement of the Potential Rates of Dissimilatory Nitrate Reduction to Ammonium Based on 14NH4+/15NH4+ Analyses via Sequential Conversion to N2O
08:05

Measurement of the Potential Rates of Dissimilatory Nitrate Reduction to Ammonium Based on 14NH4+/15NH4+ Analyses via Sequential Conversion to N2O

Published on: October 7, 2020

6.5K

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Biogeochemistry
  • Climate Change Mitigation

Background:

  • Decarbonization is essential for climate change mitigation.
  • Some decarbonization strategies significantly impact the nitrogen cycle, potentially increasing nutrient pollution and eutrophication.
  • The interplay between carbon and nitrogen cycles requires careful consideration for sustainable management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the nitrogen requirements of major decarbonization strategies.
  • To reveal interconnections between carbon and nitrogen cycles.
  • To identify opportunities for sustainable management of these cycles.

Main Methods:

  • Review of five major decarbonization strategies.
  • Analysis of nitrogen requirements and production for each strategy.
  • Assessment of potential impacts on nutrient pollution and eutrophication.

Main Results:

  • Ammonia-based marine fuels require 212 Tg N yr-1 for 0.38 Gt CO2-eq yr-1 mitigation.
  • Biofuels necessitate 21-42 Tg N yr-1 for 0.7±0.3 Gt CO2-eq yr-1 mitigation.
  • Reducing synthetic nitrogen fertilizer use offers co-benefits, cutting nitrogen inputs by 14 Tg N yr-1 and CO2 emissions by 0.04 Gt CO2-eq yr-1.

Conclusions:

  • Decarbonization strategies can increase nitrogen synthesis and pollution.
  • Co-benefits, like reduced synthetic nitrogen fertilizer use, are crucial for mitigating eutrophication.
  • Future research should focus on enhancing nitrogen use efficiency in agriculture, food, and energy systems for sustainable decarbonization.