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Related Concept Videos

Chirality in Nature02:30

Chirality in Nature

16.7K
Chirality is the most intriguing yet essential facet of nature, governing life’s biochemical processes and precision. It can be observed from a snail shell pattern in a macroscopic world to an amino acid, the minutest building block of life. Most of the snails around the world have right-coiled shells because of the intrinsic chirality in their genes. All the amino acids present in the human body exist in an enantiomerically pure state, except for glycine - the sole achiral amino acid.
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Prochirality02:05

Prochirality

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The concept of prochirality leads to the nomenclature of the individual faces of a molecule and plays a crucial role in the enantioselective reaction. It is a concept where two or more achiral molecules react to produce chiral products. A typical process is the reaction of an achiral ketone to generate a chiral alcohol. Here, the achiral reactant reacts with an achiral reducing agent, sodium borohydride, to generate an equimolar mixture of the chiral enantiomers of the product. For example, an...
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Chirality at Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Sulfur02:30

Chirality at Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Sulfur

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Chirality is most prevalent in carbon-based tetrahedral compounds, but this important facet of molecular symmetry extends to sp3-hybridized nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur centers, including trivalent molecules with lone pairs. Here, the lone pair behaves as a functional group in addition to the other three substituents to form an analogous tetrahedral center that can be chiral.
A consequence of chirality is the need for enantiomeric resolution. While this is theoretically possible for all...
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Chirality02:25

Chirality

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Chirality is a term that describes the lack of mirror symmetry in an object. In other words, chiral objects cannot be superposed on their mirror images. For example, our feet are chiral, as the mirror image of the left foot, the right foot, cannot be superposed on the left foot.
Chiral objects exhibit a sense of handedness when they interact with another chiral object. For example, our left foot can only fit in the left shoe and not in the right shoe. Achiral objects — objects that have...
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Molecules with Multiple Chiral Centers02:25

Molecules with Multiple Chiral Centers

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Molecules that possess multiple chiral centers can afford a large number of stereoisomers. For instance, while some molecules like 2-butanol have one chiral center, defined as a tetrahedral carbon atom with four different substituents attached, several molecules like butane-2,3-diol have multiple chiral centers. A simple formula to predict the number of stereoisomers possible for a molecule with n chiral centers is 2n. However, there can be a lower number where some of the stereoisomers are...
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Naming Enantiomers02:21

Naming Enantiomers

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The naming of enantiomers employs the Cahn–Ingold–Prelog rules that involve assigning priorities to different substituent groups at a chiral center. Each enantiomer, being a distinct molecule, is assigned a unique name by the Cahn–Ingold–Prelog (CIP) rules, also called the R–S system. The prefix R- or S- attached to the chiral centers in an enantiomer is dependent on the spatial arrangement of the four substituents on the chiral center. The R–S system essentially comprises three...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 18, 2026

Assembly of Gold Nanorods into Chiral Plasmonic Metamolecules Using DNA Origami Templates
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Assembly of Gold Nanorods into Chiral Plasmonic Metamolecules Using DNA Origami Templates

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DNA Origami-Templated Aptamer Chiral Structures Realize Cellular Enantioselectivity.

Tingjie Song1,2,3, Abhisek Dwivedy1,2,4, Dhanush Gandavadi4

  • 1Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|January 17, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chiral DNA nanostructures with patterned aptamers show distinct cellular interactions. Left-handed DNA tubes enhanced cancer drug delivery and cell killing compared to right-handed structures.

Keywords:
aptamercellular enantioselectivitychiralitydesigner DNA nanostructure

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A Method for Selecting Structure-switching Aptamers Applied to a Colorimetric Gold Nanoparticle Assay
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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Chirality, or handedness, is crucial for biomolecular structure and function.
  • Cell surface protein interactions dictate cellular behavior and drug efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how structural chirality in DNA nanostructures influences cellular interactions and cancer drug delivery.
  • To explore the potential of chiral DNA origami for targeted cancer therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of tubular DNA origami nanostructures with patterned aptamers.
  • Characterization using gel electrophoresis, atomic force microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy.
  • In vitro cell-based assays to evaluate nanostructure uptake and drug delivery efficacy.

Main Results:

  • Left-handed DNA tubes demonstrated higher cellular uptake compared to right-handed structures.
  • The left-handed construct loaded with Daunorubicin exhibited more than double the cancer cell cytotoxicity.
  • Chiral patterning of aptamers on DNA tubes significantly altered cellular interaction and internalization efficiencies.

Conclusions:

  • Spatially organized chiral aptamer patterns on DNA tubes modulate cell surface protein interactions.
  • Chiral DNA nanostructures offer a versatile platform for enhanced cancer drug delivery and targeted treatment.