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Area of Science:

  • Particle Physics
  • Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD)
  • High-Energy Physics

Background:

  • Single-spin observables in high-energy scattering probe complex proton structures.
  • Previous calculations were limited to leading-order QCD.
  • Understanding twist-3 parton correlation functions is crucial for a complete picture.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compute next-to-leading-order (NLO) QCD corrections for specific scattering processes.
  • To investigate the role of twist-3 parton correlations in transversely polarized proton collisions.
  • To verify collinear factorization at the one-loop level for single-spin observables.

Main Methods:

  • Perturbative Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) analysis beyond leading power.
  • Calculation of cross sections involving derivatives of parton correlation functions.
  • Application of collinear factorization techniques at the one-loop level.

Main Results:

  • Successful derivation of NLO QCD corrections for ℓp^{↑}→hX and ℓp^{↑}→jetX.
  • Demonstration of collinear factorization holding at one-loop for these observables.
  • Exploratory phenomenological results for NLO single-spin asymmetry in ep^{↑}→hX.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides crucial NLO QCD corrections for understanding spin-dependent phenomena.
  • Collinear factorization is confirmed to be valid at one-loop for these power-suppressed observables.
  • The results offer a foundation for comparing theoretical predictions with experimental data, such as from HERMES.