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    Researchers demonstrate Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) interference between spatial polarization modes using synthetic-flux-induced topological edge modes in waveguide gratings. This method offers high-visibility, robust quantum interference for photonic circuits.

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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics
    • Quantum Optics
    • Condensed Matter Physics

    Background:

    • Topological edge modes offer robust quantum phenomena.
    • Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) interference is crucial for quantum information processing.
    • Waveguide gratings can be used to manipulate light modes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To realize Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) interference between spatial polarization modes.
    • To utilize synthetic-flux-induced topological edge modes for robust quantum interference.
    • To explore applications in fault-tolerant on-chip photonic quantum circuits.

    Main Methods:

    • Proposing a scheme using synthetic-flux-induced topological edge modes.
    • Engineering relative modulation phase in long-period gratings to create tunable synthetic magnetic flux.
    • Forming an effective mode lattice and harnessing topological edge states at a flux of π.

    Main Results:

    • Achieving HOM interference with near-unity visibility.
    • Demonstrating insensitivity to propagation distance.
    • Showing robustness against variations in coupling coefficients.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed scheme enables robust and high-visibility HOM interference.
    • Topological edge modes provide a pathway for fault-tolerant photonic quantum circuits.
    • This work advances the development of integrated quantum technologies.