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Updated: Feb 2, 2026

Measuring Influenza Neutralizing Antibody Responses to AH3N2 Viruses in Human Sera by Microneutralization Assays Using MDCK-SIAT1 Cells
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Measuring Influenza Neutralizing Antibody Responses to AH3N2 Viruses in Human Sera by Microneutralization Assays Using MDCK-SIAT1 Cells

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Pre-existing neutralizing antibodies against cattle-transmitted influenza A virus H5N1 are detectable in unexposed

Katharina Daniel1, Leon Ullrich1, Denis Ruchnewitz2

  • 1Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne 50931, Germany.

Immunity
|January 31, 2026
PubMed

Keywords:
A/Texas/37/2024H5N1clade 2.3.4.4bcross-neutralizing antibodieshighly pathogenic avian influenzahumoral immunityinfluenza viruspre-existing antibodies

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