The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Expert Consensus Pathway for Robotic Cardiac Surgical Training

The Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) 2026 Expert Consensus Pathway on Robotic Cardiac Training outlines principles for the safe initial introduction and subsequent expansion of robotic cardiac programs. The 25-year history of robotic cardiac surgery has established safety and efficacy while providing multiple innovations. There is currently a unique opportunity to coalesce best practices and evidence to inform a recent global surge in interest in incorporating robotic techniques into standard cardiac surgical practice. This consensus is a collaborative effort between the STS Workforce on Evidence Based Surgery, the STS Robotic Cardiac Surgery Taskforce, and multinational leaders in robotic cardiac surgery that aims to standardize initial core principles of preparatory elements, followed by 4 phases of robotic cardiac training to proceed from program commencement to mastery.