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Related Concept Videos

Bone Structure01:55

Bone Structure

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Within the skeletal system, the structure of a bone, or osseous tissue, can be exemplified in a long bone, like the femur, where there are two types of osseous tissue: cortical and cancellous.
51.9K
Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

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Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
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Compact Bone01:27

Compact Bone

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Most bones contain compact and spongy osseous tissue, but their distribution and concentration vary based on the bone's overall function.
Compact bone, also called cortical bone, is the denser, stronger of the two types of bone tissue. It is found under the periosteum and in the diaphyses of long bones, where it provides support and protection. The microscopic structural unit of compact bone is called an osteon, or haversian system. Each osteon is composed of concentric rings of calcified...
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Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
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The Hyoid Bone01:12

The Hyoid Bone

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The hyoid bone is a small U-shaped bone located in the upper neck at the level of the inferior mandible, with its tips pointing posteriorly. It does not directly articulate with any other bone in the body. The hyoid acts as the attachment site for the tongue, the larynx, and the pharynx. It is held in position by a series of small muscles attached from above or below. These muscles help to move the hyoid up/down or forward/back in coordination with movements of the tongue, larynx, and pharynx...
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Spongy Bone01:09

Spongy Bone

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All bones comprise an outer layer of compact bone, and an interior made up of spongy bone tissue, also called cancellous or trabecular bone. In long bones, spongy bone tissue is mainly found in the interior of the epiphyses (broad ends of the bone).
Spongy bone is more porous, and less dense compared to compact bone. It is composed of concentric lamellae that are arranged irregularly to form the trabecular network. In some bones, the spaces between trabeculae contain red marrow, where...
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Combining Augmented Reality and 3D Printing to Display Patient Models on a Smartphone
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Bone Augmentation Using 3D-Printed Individualized Titanium Mesh and Pure Autologous Bone Graft: A Retrospective

Pierre Keller, Manon Sterba, Samuel Abitbol

    The International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants
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    PubMed
    Summary

    Guided bone regeneration using 3D-printed titanium meshes reliably restores bone volume for dental implants. This technique shows predictable outcomes and high clinical success rates in patients needing bone augmentation.

    Keywords:
    additive manufacturingautologous bonecomputer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CadCam)dental implantsguided bone regenerationtitanium mesh

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    Area of Science:

    • Oral surgery
    • Regenerative medicine
    • Biomaterials engineering

    Background:

    • Alveolar bone resorption after tooth loss often prevents dental implant placement.
    • Guided Bone Regeneration (GBR) using 3D-printed titanium meshes is a promising technique for bone volume restoration.
    • Complications like mesh exposure can occur with current GBR methods.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the clinical reliability and bone gain of a GBR technique using micro-perforated grade-2 titanium meshes.
    • To assess the predictability of bone augmentation for dental implant placement.
    • To analyze outcomes with individualized meshes, vestibular screws, and autologous bone.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective study of sixteen patients undergoing GBR with 3D-printed titanium meshes.
    • Meshes were digitally designed and manufactured using Direct Metal Laser Sintering.
    • Two-step bone regeneration procedure with a minimum four-month healing period before implant placement.
    • Comparison of planned vs. actual bone augmentation using pre- and post-surgical CBCT data.

    Main Results:

    • All sixteen meshes were successfully implanted without complications or exposure.
    • Sufficient bone volume for safe implant placement was achieved in all patients within 122-160 days.
    • No significant difference was found between planned and actual bone augmentation.

    Conclusions:

    • The GBR technique using 3D-printed individualized micro-perforated titanium meshes is highly reliable.
    • This method offers predictable short-term clinical outcomes for bone augmentation in oral surgery.
    • The combination with pure autologous bone contributes to successful bone regeneration.