Complications, Morbidity, and Rehabilitation After Treatment of Gingivobuccal Cancers

Gingivobuccal malignancies involve structures essential for speech, swallowing, and facial contour. The management of these cancers requires a multidisciplinary approach, which is often associated with significant morbidities. The most concerning complications are trismus, osteoradionecrosis, oral incompetence, hardware-related complications and xerostomia, all of which can profoundly impair the quality of life. Recent surgical and radiation technique advancements, along with consistent implementation of rehabilitative protocols, have improved outcomes leading to better quality of life. This article focuses on the mechanisms behind treatment-related delayed complications in gingivobuccal cancer, emphasizing key surgical tips along with preventive and rehabilitative measures aimed at optimizing patient outcomes.