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Diels–Alder reactions between cyclic dienes locked in an s-cis configuration and dienophiles yield bridged bicyclic products.
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Pericarditis is distinguished by inflammation of the pericardium, the fibrous sac that encases the heart. It can be acute, lasting less than six weeks, or chronic, persisting for over three months. Understanding its clinical manifestations and diagnostic findings is crucial for timely and effective management.Clinical ManifestationsWhile pericarditis can be asymptomatic, it usually presents with characteristic symptoms such as:Chest Pain: The most characteristic symptom of pericarditis is chest...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Preparation of Stable Bicyclic Aziridinium Ions and Their Ring-Opening for the Synthesis of Azaheterocycles
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Preparation of Stable Bicyclic Aziridinium Ions and Their Ring-Opening for the Synthesis of Azaheterocycles

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Utilizing Constrained Bicyclic Peptides for In Vitro Diagnostics.

André Shamsabadi1, Adam Creamer1, Christy J Sadler1

  • 1Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.

ACS Nano
|February 13, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Bicyclic peptides, or Bicycle molecules, show promise for diagnostics. Researchers developed sensitive SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein detection assays using these molecules, paving the way for new biosensor technologies.

Keywords:
ELISALFIAantibody mimicbicyclic peptidesdiagnostics

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Biotechnology
  • Molecular Diagnostics

Background:

  • Constrained bicyclic peptides (Bicycle molecules) offer high affinity for biological targets and are explored as therapeutic agents.
  • Their potential in diagnostic immunoassays, mimicking antibody functions, remains largely uninvestigated.
  • These synthetic scaffolds allow for easy modification and scalable production.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the utility of Bicycle molecules in diagnostic immunoassays.
  • To develop sensitive detection methods for SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) protein using Bicycle molecules.
  • To evaluate Bicycle molecules as biorecognition elements in various immunoassay formats.

Main Methods:

  • Phage display screening was employed to identify Bicycle molecules targeting SARS-CoV-2 N protein constructs.
  • Identified Bicycle molecules were assessed for binding affinities.
  • Validated Bicycle molecules in the development of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), nanozyme-linked immunosorbent assays (NA-ELISA), and lateral flow immunoassays (LFIA).

Main Results:

  • Several Bicycle molecules with binding affinities from micromolar to low nanomolar ranges were identified against SARS-CoV-2 N protein.
  • These molecules were successfully integrated into various immunoassay platforms, including ELISA, NA-ELISA, and LFIA.
  • The developed assays demonstrated the capability for detecting ultralow concentrations of SARS-CoV-2 N protein.

Conclusions:

  • Bicycle molecules are effective biorecognition scaffolds for developing ultrasensitive diagnostic immunoassays.
  • Their synthetic accessibility and high binding affinity facilitate robust, cost-effective, and large-scale biosensor development.
  • This work opens avenues for utilizing Bicycle molecules in detecting diverse biomarkers beyond viral proteins.