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Whether Emotions are Engaging or Disengaging Depends on Relationship Functions.

Mujtaba K Chughtai1, Maria Gendron1, Margaret S Clark1

  • 1Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT USA.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Emotions are perceived as engaging or disengaging based on their role in communal versus transactional relationships. This study explores how Americans experience, express, and perceive emotions within these different relationship contexts.

Keywords:
CultureRelationship typesSocial engagement dimension

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Area of Science:

  • Social Psychology
  • Cultural Psychology
  • Emotion Science

Background:

  • Emotions are categorized as socially engaging (interdependence-affirming) or disengaging (independence-affirming).
  • These emotions differ across cultures based on self-construal, but relationship functions also vary within cultures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine how Americans experience, express, and perceive eight emotions in communal and transactional relationships.
  • To assess the engaging and functional nature of these emotions within different relationship types.

Main Methods:

  • Four studies with American participants (N=1450).
  • Participants reported on experiencing, expressing, and perceiving emotions in communal and transactional relationships.
  • Emotions were evaluated for their engaging and functional qualities.

Main Results:

  • Engaging (respect, guilt) and disengaging (pride, anger) emotions were more frequent in communal relationships.
  • Empathic joy, empathic sadness, hurt, and love were more perceived/expressed in communal relationships.
  • Emotions were judged more engaging and functional in communal relationships; expressing them in transactional relationships was seen as disengaging.

Conclusions:

  • The perceived "engaging" or "disengaging" nature of emotions depends on their fulfillment of specific relationship social functions.
  • Findings highlight the context-dependent social functions of emotions within distinct relationship types.